---
title: CSCI 1100 - Homework 3 - Loops, Tuples, Lists, and Ifs
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date: 2024-03-13T14:28:32-04:00
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description: This homework assignment focuses on working with lists, loops, tuples, and if statements in Python. It includes three parts - analyzing text complexity, simulating Pikachu's movement, and modeling population changes of bears, berries, and tourists.
keywords: ["Python","loops","tuples","lists","if statements"]
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summary: This homework assignment focuses on working with lists, loops, tuples, and if statements in Python. It includes three parts - analyzing text complexity, simulating Pikachu's movement, and modeling population changes of bears, berries, and tourists.
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# See details front matter: https://fixit.lruihao.cn/documentation/content-management/introduction/#front-matter
---

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## Overview

This homework is worth 100 points toward your overall homework grade, and is due Thursday, February 15th, 2024 at 11:59:59 pm. You have 1 week to finish this assignment.

The goal of this assignment is to work with lists, loops, tuples and use if statements. As your programs get longer, you will need to develop some strategies for testing your code. Here are a few simple ones: start testing early, and test small parts of your program by writing a little bit and testing. We will walk you through program construction in the homework description and provide some ideas for testing.

As always, make sure you follow the program structure guidelines. You will be graded on program correctness as well as good program structure. This includes comments. Minimally, we expect a brief docstring comment block at the start of the submission detailing the purpose and a brief summary (you may also include additional information like your name and date); and docstring comments for each function you define detailing the purpose, inputs, and expected return values. Additional comments have to accompany any complicated sections of your code.

## Fair Warning About Excess Collaboration

Please remember to abide by the Collaboration Policy you were given last assignment. It remains in force for this and all assignments this semester. We will be using software that compares all submitted programs, looking for inappropriate similarities. This handles a wide variety of differences between programs, so that if you either (a) took someone else’s program, modified it (or not), and submitted it as your own, (b) wrote a single program with one or more colleagues and submitted modified versions separately as your own work, or (c) submitted (perhaps slightly modified) software submitted in a previous year as your software, this software will mark these submissions as very similar. All of (a), (b), and (c) are beyond what is acceptable in this course — they are violations of the academic integrity policy. Furthermore, this type of copying will prevent you from learning how to solve problems and will hurt you in the long run. The more you write your own code, the more you learn.

Make sure that you have read the Collaboration Policy for acceptable levels of collaboration and so you know how you can protect yourself. The document can be found on the Course Materials page on Submitty. Penalties for excess collaboration can be as high as:

- 0 on the homework, and
- an additional overall 5% reduction on the semester grade.

Penalized students will also be prevented from dropping the course. More severe violations, such as stealing someone else’s code, will lead to an automatic F in the course. A student caught in a second academic integrity violation will receive an automatic F.

By submitting your homework you are asserting that you both (a) understand the academic integrity policy and (b) have not violated it.

Finally, please note that this policy is in place for the small percentage of problems that will arise in this course. Students who follow the strategies outlined above and use common sense in doing so will not have any trouble with academic integrity.

## Part 1: How complex is the language used in the text? (40 pts)

Create a folder for HW 3. Download the zip file `hw3_files.zip` from the Course Materials on Submitty. Put it in this folder and unzip it. You should see a file named `syllables.py` which will be a helper module for this homework. Write your program in the same folder as this file and name it `hw3_part1.py`.

A few things to get familiar with before solving this part.

In this part, you must get familiar with a function called `.split()` that takes a piece of text, and converts it to a list of strings. Here is an example run:

```python
>>> line = "Citadel Morning News. News about the Citadel in the morning, pretty self explanatory."
>>> m = line.split()
>>> m
['Citadel', 'Morning', 'News.', 'News', 'about', 'the', 'Citadel', 'in', 'the', 'morning,', 'pretty', 'self', 'explanatory.']
```

You will also need to use the function `find_num_syllables()` from the file `syllables.py` which takes as input an English word as a string and that returns the total number of syllables in that word as an integer. The module works even if the word has punctuation symbols, so you do not need to remove those explicitly. Make sure you import this module appropriately into your program.

```python
>>> find_num_syllables('computer')
3
>>> find_num_syllables('science')
1
>>> find_num_syllables('introduction')
4
```

Clearly, the second result is incorrect. The module we provided is not a perfect implementation of syllable counting, so you may find errors. It is not your job to fix them, use the module as it is, with errors and all. Do not worry about the mistakes it makes. To properly compute this, we would need to use a Natural Language Processing (NLP) module like NLTK, which we have not installed in this course.

### Problem specification

In this part, you will read a paragraph containing multiple English sentences as text from the user. Assume a period marks the end of a sentence. Read the paragraph as a single (long) line of text. Compute and print the following measures corresponding to the overall readability of this text.

- ASL (average sentence length) is given by the number of words per sentence. Print ASL.
- PHW (percent hard words): To compute this first count the number of words of three or more syllables that do not contain a hyphen (-) and three-syllable words that do not end with 'es' or 'ed'. Divide this count by the total number of words in the text and multiply the result by 100 to get a percentage. Print PHW.
- Collect all words that are used in the PHW computation in a list exactly as they appear in the input, and print this list.
- ASYL (average number of syllables) is given by the total number of syllables divided by the total number of words. Print ASYL.
- GFRI is given by the formula 0.4*(ASL + PHW). Print GFRI.
- FKRI is given by the formula 206.835-1.015*ASL-86.4*ASYL. Print FKRI.

Note that the measures GFRI and FKRI are slightly modified versions of well-known readability measures named Gunning-Fog and Flesch Kincaid. In Gunning-fog, the higher the value calculated, the more difficult it is to read a text. For Flesch Kincaid it is the opposite with higher values indicating more easily read text.

You can find example runs of the program in `hw3_part1_01.txt` and `hw3_part1_02.txt` from `hw3_files.zip`.

When you are finished, submit your program to Submitty as `hw3_part1.py`. You must use this filename, or your submission will not work in Submitty. You do not have to submit any of the files we have provided.

## Part 2: Pikachu in the Wild! (40 pts)

Suppose you have a Pikachu that is standing in the middle of an image, at coordinates (75, 75). Assume the top left corner of the board is (0,0) like in an image.

We are going to walk a Pikachu around the image looking for other Pokemon. This is a type of simple simulation. First, we will set the parameters of the simulation by asking the user for the number of turns, to run the simulation (starting at turn 0), the name, of your Pikachu and how often, we run into another Pokemon. At this point we enter a simulation loop (while). Your Pikachu walks 5 steps per turn in one of (N)orth, (S)outh, (E)ast or (W)est. Every turn, ask the user for a direction for your Pikachu to walk and move your Pikachu in that direction. You should ignore directions other than N, S, E, W. Every often turns, you meet another Pokemon. Ask the user for a type ((G)round or (W)ater). If it is a ground type, 'G', your Pikachu loses. It turns and runs 10 steps in the direction opposite to the direction in which it was moving before it saw another Pokemon. (If the last direction was not a valid direction, your Pikachu doesn’t move.) If it is a water type, 'W', your Pikachu wins and takes 1 step forward. Anything else means you did not actually see another Pokemon. Keep track of wins, losses, and "No Pokemon" in a list.

At the end of turn turns report on where your Pikachu ended up and print out its record.

You must implement at least one function for this program:

```python
move_pokemon((row, column), direction, steps)
```

That returns the next location of the Pikachu as a (row, column) tuple. There is a fence along the boundary of the image. No coordinate can be less than 0 or greater than 150. 0 and 150 are allowed. Make sure your `move_pokemon()` function does not return positions outside of this range.

You can use the following code to test your `move_pokemon()` function. Feel free to write other functions if you want, but be sure to test them to make sure they work as expected!

```python
from hw3_part2 import move_pokemon

row = 15
column = 10
print(move_pokemon((row, column), 'n', 20))  # should print (0, 10)
print(move_pokemon((row, column), 'e', 20))  # should print (15, 30)
print(move_pokemon((row, column), 's', 20))  # should print (35, 10)
print(move_pokemon((row, column), 'w', 20))  # should print (15, 0)

row = 135
column = 140
print(move_pokemon((row, column), 'N', 20))  # should print (115, 140)
print(move_pokemon((row, column), 'E', 20))  # should print (135, 150)
print(move_pokemon((row, column), 'S', 20))  # should print (150, 140)
print(move_pokemon((row, column), 'W', 20))  # should print (135, 120)
```

Now, write some code that will call these functions for each command entered and update the location of the Pikachu accordingly.

Two examples of the program run (how it will look when you run it using Spyder IDE) are provided in files `hw3_part2_01.txt` and `hw3_part2_02.txt` (can be found inside the `hw03_files.zip` file). In `hw3_part2_01.txt`, note that `f` is an invalid direction, so it has no effect on the Pikachu’s state, and `r` is an invalid Pokemon type which gets flagged as a "No Pokemon" in the results list.

We will test your code with the values from the example files as well as a range of other values. Test your code well and when you are sure that it works, please submit it as a file named `hw3_part2.py` to Submitty for Part 2 of the homework.

## Part 3: Population Change — with Bears (20 pts)

You are going to write a program to compute a type of population balance problem similar to the bunnies and foxes you computed in Lab 3. This problem will have bears, berry fields, and tourists. We will just use the word berries to mean the area of the berry fields. We will count the number of bears and tourists, as well.

Bears need a lot of berries to survive and get ready for winter. So the area of berry fields is a very important part for their population. Berry fields in general spread over time, but if they are trampled too heavily by bears, then they may stop growing and may reduce in size. Tourists are the worst enemy of bears, often habituating them to humans and causing aggressive behavior. Sadly, this can lead to bears being killed to avoid risk to human life.

Here is how the population of each group is linked to one another from one year to the next. Suppose the variable `bears` stores the number of bears in a given year and `berries` stores the area of the berry fields.

- The number of tourists in a given year is determined as follows. If there are less than 4 or more than 15 bears, there are no tourists. It is either not interesting enough or too dangerous for them. In other cases, there are 10,000 tourists for each bear up to and including 10 and then 20,000 tourists for each additional bear. It is a great idea to write a function for computing tourists and test it separately.
- The number of bears and berries in the next year is determined by the following formulas given the population of bears, berries, and tourists in the given year:

```python
bears_next = berries/(50*(bears+1)) + bears*0.60 - (math.log(1+tourists,10)*0.1)
berries_next = (berries*1.5) - (bears+1)*(berries/14) - (math.log(1+tourists,10)*0.05)
```

Remember none of these values can end up being negative. Negative values should be clipped to zero. Also, bears and tourists are integers. The `log` function is in the `math` module.

You must write a function that takes as input the number of bears, berries, and tourists in a given year and returns the next year’s bears population and berry field area as a tuple.

```python
>>> find_next(5, 1000, 40000)
(5, 1071.1984678861438)
```

Then write the main program that reads two values, the current population of bears, and the area of berry fields. Your program then finds and prints the population of all three groups (bears, berries, and tourists) for the first year and another 9 years (10 years total). You must use a loop to do this. The output is formatted such that all values are printed in columns and are aligned to the left within each column. The width of each column is exactly 10 characters (padded with spaces, if necessary). All floating point values need to be printed with exactly one decimal place.

Once completed, your program should output: the smallest and largest values of the population of bears, berries, and tourists reached in your computation. These values should be output using the same formatting rules as for the population values for each of the years.

An example of the program run how it will look when you run it using the Spyder IDE is provided in file `hw3_part3_01.txt` (can be found inside the `hw03_files.zip` file). Note that the number of bears may go down to zero and then come back up. Why? Bears from neighboring areas can move in. The min and max values for each of bears, berries, and tourists may come from different years.

We will test your code with the values from the example file as well as a range of other values. Test your code well and when you are sure that it works, please submit it as a file named `hw3_part3.py` to Submitty for Part 3 of the homework.

## Supporting Files

{{< link href="HW3.zip" content="HW3.zip" title="Download HW3.zip" download="HW3.zip" card=true >}}

## Solutions

### hw3_part1.py

```python
import syllables

#user_input = "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."
#user_input = "There is a theory which states that if ever anyone discovers exactly what the Universe is for and why it is here, it will instantly disappear and be replaced by something even more bizarre and inexplicable. There is another theory which states that this has already happened."
user_input = str(input("Enter a paragraph => ")).strip()
print(user_input)

# Calculate ASL

sentences = user_input.split(". ")
words_per_sentence = []
#print(sentences)

for sentence in sentences:
    words = sentence.split()
    words_per_sentence.append(len(words))

asl = sum(words_per_sentence) / len(words_per_sentence)
#print(asl)

# Calculate PHW

words = user_input.split()
#print(len(words))

#find hard words
hard_words = []

for word in words:
    num_syllables = syllables.find_num_syllables(word)
    #print(num_syllables)
    if num_syllables >= 3 and "-" not in word and word[-2:] != "es" and word[-2:] != "ed":
        #print(words)
        hard_words.append(word)
        #print(hard_words)

#print(hard_words)
#print(len(hard_words))
#print(words)
#print(len(words))
phw = len(hard_words) / len(words) * 100

# Calculate ASYL

total_syllables = 0

for word in words:
    total_syllables += syllables.find_num_syllables(word)

asyl = total_syllables / len(words)

# Caclulate GFRI

gfri = 0.4 * (asl + phw)

# Calculate FKRI

fkri = 206.835 - 1.015 * asl - 86.4 * asyl

print("Here are the hard words in this paragraph:\n" + str(hard_words))
print("Statistics: ASL:{:.2f} PHW:{:.2f}% ASYL:{:.2f}".format(asl, phw, asyl))
print("Readability index (GFRI): {:.2f}".format(gfri))
print("Readability index (FKRI): {:.2f}".format(fkri))
```

### hw3_part2.py

```python
# Get user input

num_turn = int(input("How many turns? => ").strip())
print(num_turn)
pikachu_name = str(input("What is the name of your pikachu? => ").strip())
print(pikachu_name)
often_turn = int(input("How often do we see a Pokemon (turns)? => ").strip())
print(str(often_turn) + "\n")

position = (75, 75)
wins, losses, no_pokemon = 0, 0, 0
turn_counter = 0
records = []
last_direction = ""

# Debugging

#num_turn = 5
#print(num_turn)
#pikachu_name = "Piki"
#print(pikachu_name)
#often_turn = 1
#print(often_turn)

def move_pokemon(coords, direction, steps):
    global position
    x,y = coords
    direction = direction.lower()
    if direction in ['n', 's', 'e', 'w']:
        if direction == 'n':
            x = max(0, x - steps)
        elif direction == 'e':
            y = min(150, y + steps)
        elif direction == 's':
            x = min(150, x + steps)
        elif direction == 'w':
            y = max(0, y - steps)
        position = (x, y)

def walk(repeat):
    global turn_counter, last_direction
    for _ in range(repeat):
        direction = input("What direction does " + pikachu_name + " walk? => ").strip()
        print(direction)
        direction = direction.lower()
        if direction in ['n', 's', 'e', 'w']:
            move_pokemon(position, direction, 5)
            last_direction = direction
        turn_counter += 1

def turn_message(turn_counter, position):
    print("Turn " + str(turn_counter) + ", " + pikachu_name + " at " + str(position))

def battle(pokemon_type):
    global records, position, last_direction
    if pokemon_type.lower() == 'g':
        records.append('Lose')
        opposite_directions = {'n': 's', 's': 'n', 'e': 'w', 'w': 'e'}
        move_pokemon(position, opposite_directions[last_direction], 10)
        print(pikachu_name + " runs away to " + str(position))
    elif pokemon_type.lower() == 'w':
        records.append('Win')
        move_pokemon(position, last_direction, 1)
        print(pikachu_name + " wins and moves to " + str(position))
    else:
        records.append('No Pokemon')

print("Starting simulation, turn 0 " + pikachu_name + " at  (75, 75)")

for i in range(num_turn // often_turn):
    walk(often_turn)
    turn_message(turn_counter, position)
    pokemon_type = input("What type of pokemon do you meet (W)ater, (G)round? => ").strip()
    print(pokemon_type)
    battle(pokemon_type)

if num_turn < often_turn:
    for i in range(num_turn):
        direction = input("What direction does " + pikachu_name + " walk? => ").strip()
        print(direction)
        direction = direction.lower()
        if direction in ['n', 's', 'e', 'w']:
            move_pokemon(position, direction, 5)
            last_direction = direction
            turn_counter += 1

print(pikachu_name + " ends up at " + "(" + str(position[0]) + ", " + str(position[1]) + ")" + ", Record: " + str(records))
```

### hw3_part3.py

```python
import math

n_bear = input("Number of bears => ").strip()
print(n_bear)
n_size = input("Size of berry area => ").strip()
print(n_size)

n_bear = int(n_bear)
n_size = float(n_size)

year = 10
block_size = 10
data = []
title = ["Year", "Bears", "Berry", "Tourists"]

def print_line(b1, b2, b3, b4):
    b1 = b1 + " " * int(10 - len(b1))
    b2 = b2 + " " * int(10 - len(b2))
    b3 = b3 + " " * int(10 - len(b3))
    b4 = b4 + " " * int(10 - len(b4))
    print(b1 + b2 + b3 + b4)

def show_data(data):
    data_copy = data.copy()
    for line in data_copy:
        line[2] = "{:.1f}".format(float(line[2]))
        line = [str(i) for i in line]
        print_line(line[0], line[1], line[2], line[3])

def conclusion(data):
    #print(data)
    initial_line = data[0]
    max_bears, max_berry, max_tourists = initial_line[1], float(initial_line[2]), initial_line[3]
    min_bears, min_berry, min_tourists = initial_line[1], float(initial_line[2]), initial_line[3]
    for i in data:
        max_bears = max(max_bears, i[1])
        max_berry = max(max_berry, float(i[2]))
        max_tourists = max(max_tourists, i[3])
        min_bears = min(min_bears, i[1])
        min_berry = min(min_berry, float(i[2]))
        min_tourists = min(min_tourists, i[3])
    message = []
    message.append(["Min:", str(min_bears), str(min_berry), str(min_tourists)])
    message.append(["Max:", str(max_bears), str(max_berry), str(max_tourists)])
    show_data(message)

def find_next(bears, berry, tourists):
    bears_next = berry / (50*(bears+1)) + bears*0.60 - (math.log(1+tourists,10)*0.1)
    berries_next = (berry*1.5) - (bears+1)*(berry/14) - (math.log(1+tourists,10)*0.05)
    if berries_next < 0:
        berries_next = 0
    return (int(bears_next), berries_next)

def find_tourists(bears):
    bears = int(bears)
    if bears < 4 or bears > 15:
        tourists = 0
    elif bears <= 10:
        tourists = 10000*bears
    elif bears > 10:
        tourists = 100000 + 20000*(bears-10)
    return tourists
    
for i in range(year):
    tourists = find_tourists(n_bear)
    data.append([i+1, n_bear, n_size, tourists])
    n_bear, n_size = find_next(n_bear, n_size, tourists)

print_line(title[0], title[1], title[2], title[3])
show_data(data)
print()
conclusion(data)
```