719 lines
25 KiB
HTML
719 lines
25 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<title>Morris Post‑Order Traversal Animation & Code Display</title>
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<style>
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html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; }
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h1 { text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 5px; }
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p { text-align: center; margin: 5px 0 15px; }
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.visualization-container {
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display: flex;
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justify-content: space-between;
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max-width: 1200px;
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margin: 0 auto;
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height: 88vh;
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}
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.code-container {
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background-color: #f0f0f0;
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border-radius: 10px;
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padding: 15px;
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width: 48%;
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overflow-y: auto;
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height: 87vh;
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font-size: 15px;
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}
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pre {
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margin: 0;
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background-color: #f0f0f0;
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overflow-x: auto;
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}
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code {
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||
font-family: Consolas, "Courier New", monospace;
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white-space: pre;
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||
}
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||
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.line-number {
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||
color: #666;
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display: inline-block;
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||
min-width: 30px;
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}
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||
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.code-line {
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||
display: block;
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width: 100%;
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}
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.code-line.highlighted {
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background-color: #ffeb3b;
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}
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||
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.tree-container {
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||
background-color: #f0f0f0;
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border-radius: 10px;
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padding: 15px;
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||
width: 48%;
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height: 80vh;
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position: relative;
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display: flex;
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flex-direction: column;
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}
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#nextStep {
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margin: 10px auto;
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padding: 8px 15px;
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font-size: 16px;
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width: fit-content;
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cursor: pointer;
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background-color: #4CAF50;
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color: white;
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border: none;
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border-radius: 4px;
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display: block;
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}
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#nextStep:hover { background-color: #45a049; }
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#nextStep:disabled { background-color: #cccccc; cursor: not-allowed; }
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#container { flex-grow: 1; width: 100%; }
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.explanation {
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margin-top: 10px;
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font-size: 14px;
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padding: 10px;
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background-color: #e8e8e8;
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border-radius: 5px;
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}
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.color-key {
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display: flex;
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flex-wrap: wrap;
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gap: 8px;
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margin-bottom: 5px;
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padding: 8px;
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background-color: #e8e8e8;
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border-radius: 5px;
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}
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.color-item {
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display: flex;
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align-items: center;
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margin-right: 10px;
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font-size: 13px;
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}
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.color-box {
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width: 16px;
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height: 16px;
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border-radius: 3px;
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margin-right: 4px;
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border: 1px solid #888;
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}
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.color-arrow {
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position: relative;
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width: 24px;
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height: 3px;
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margin-right: 4px;
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}
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.color-arrow:after {
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content: "";
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position: absolute;
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right: -2px;
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top: -4px;
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border-left: 6px solid;
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border-top: 4px solid transparent;
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border-bottom: 4px solid transparent;
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}
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.dotted-line {
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width: 24px;
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height: 0;
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border-top: 2px dashed #ff5722;
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margin-right: 4px;
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}
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</style>
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<!-- Load Konva.js -->
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<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/konva@8.3.13/konva.min.js"></script>
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</head>
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<body>
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<h1>Morris Post-Order Traversal Visualization</h1>
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<p>This animation shows how the Morris post-order traversal algorithm works without using a stack or recursion. Click the "Next Step" button to run the animation step by step.</p>
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<div class="visualization-container">
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<div class="code-container">
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<pre><code id="codeDisplay"></code></pre>
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</div>
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<div class="tree-container">
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<div class="color-key">
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<div class="color-item">
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<div class="color-box" style="background-color: #ffeb3b;"></div>
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<span>Current Node</span>
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</div>
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<div class="color-item">
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<div class="color-box" style="background-color: #2196f3;"></div>
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<span>Rightmost Node</span>
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</div>
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<div class="color-item">
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<div class="color-box" style="background-color: #4caf50;"></div>
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<span>Visited Node</span>
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</div>
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<div class="color-item">
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<div class="color-box" style="background-color: #03a9f4;"></div>
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<span>Thread Created</span>
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</div>
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<div class="color-item">
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<div class="color-arrow" style="background-color: #888;"></div>
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<span>Tree Edge</span>
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</div>
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<div class="color-item">
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<div class="dotted-line"></div>
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<span>Thread Edge</span>
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</div>
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<div class="color-item">
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<div class="color-arrow" style="background-color: #e91e63;"></div>
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<span>Reversed Edge</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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<button id="nextStep">Next Step</button>
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<div id="container"></div>
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<div class="explanation" id="treeExplanation">
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Post-order traversal output: <span id="output"></span>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<script>
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// Define code content
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const codeContent = [
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'<span class="line-number">0.</span> <span style="color:blue">void</span> postorderTraversal(<span style="color:blue">TreeNode</span>* root) {',
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'<span class="line-number">1.</span> <span style="color:blue">TreeNode</span>* current = root;',
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'<span class="line-number">2.</span> <span style="color:blue">TreeNode</span>* rightmost;',
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'<span class="line-number">3.</span> <span style="color:blue">while</span> (current != <span style="color:blue">nullptr</span>) {',
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'<span class="line-number">4.</span> <span style="color:blue">if</span> (current->left != <span style="color:blue">nullptr</span>) {',
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'<span class="line-number">5.</span> rightmost = current->left;',
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'<span class="line-number">6.</span> <span style="color:blue">while</span> (rightmost->right != <span style="color:blue">nullptr</span> && rightmost->right != current) {',
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'<span class="line-number">7.</span> rightmost = rightmost->right;',
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'<span class="line-number">8.</span> }',
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'<span class="line-number">9.</span> <span style="color:blue">if</span> (rightmost->right == <span style="color:blue">nullptr</span>) {',
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'<span class="line-number">10.</span> rightmost->right = current;',
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'<span class="line-number">11.</span> current = current->left;',
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'<span class="line-number">12.</span> } <span style="color:blue">else</span> {',
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'<span class="line-number">13.</span> rightmost->right = <span style="color:blue">nullptr</span>;',
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'<span class="line-number">14.</span> reverseTraverseRightEdge(current->left);',
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'<span class="line-number">15.</span> current = current->right;',
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'<span class="line-number">16.</span> }',
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'<span class="line-number">17.</span> } <span style="color:blue">else</span> {',
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'<span class="line-number">18.</span> current = current->right;',
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'<span class="line-number">19.</span> }',
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'<span class="line-number">20.</span> }',
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'<span class="line-number">21.</span> reverseTraverseRightEdge(root); <span style="color:green">// final right edge</span>',
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'<span class="line-number">22.</span> <span style="color:blue">return</span>;',
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'<span class="line-number">23.</span> }',
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'<span class="line-number">24.</span> ',
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'<span class="line-number">25.</span> <span style="color:blue">TreeNode</span>* reverse(<span style="color:blue">TreeNode</span>* head) {',
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'<span class="line-number">26.</span> <span style="color:blue">TreeNode</span>* prev = <span style="color:blue">nullptr</span>;',
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'<span class="line-number">27.</span> <span style="color:blue">TreeNode</span>* next = <span style="color:blue">nullptr</span>;',
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'<span class="line-number">28.</span> <span style="color:blue">while</span> (head != <span style="color:blue">nullptr</span>) {',
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'<span class="line-number">29.</span> next = head->right;',
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'<span class="line-number">30.</span> head->right = prev;',
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'<span class="line-number">31.</span> prev = head;',
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'<span class="line-number">32.</span> head = next;',
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'<span class="line-number">33.</span> }',
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'<span class="line-number">34.</span> <span style="color:blue">return</span> prev;',
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'<span class="line-number">35.</span> }',
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'<span class="line-number">36.</span> ',
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'<span class="line-number">37.</span> <span style="color:blue">void</span> reverseTraverseRightEdge(<span style="color:blue">TreeNode</span>* head) {',
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'<span class="line-number">38.</span> <span style="color:blue">TreeNode</span>* tail = reverse(head);',
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'<span class="line-number">39.</span> <span style="color:blue">TreeNode</span>* current = tail;',
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'<span class="line-number">40.</span> <span style="color:blue">while</span> (current != <span style="color:blue">nullptr</span>) {',
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'<span class="line-number">41.</span> std::cout << current->val << " ";',
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'<span class="line-number">42.</span> current = current->right;',
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'<span class="line-number">43.</span> }',
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'<span class="line-number">44.</span> reverse(tail); <span style="color:green">// restore structure</span>',
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'<span class="line-number">45.</span> }'
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];
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// Initialize code display with proper structure for highlighting
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function initCodeDisplay() {
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const codeDisplay = document.getElementById('codeDisplay');
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codeContent.forEach((line, index) => {
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const lineDiv = document.createElement('div');
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lineDiv.className = 'code-line';
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lineDiv.setAttribute('data-line', index);
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lineDiv.innerHTML = line;
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codeDisplay.appendChild(lineDiv);
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});
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}
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// Function to highlight a specific line of code
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function highlightLine(lineNum) {
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// First, remove all highlights
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const codeLines = document.querySelectorAll('.code-line');
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codeLines.forEach(line => {
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line.classList.remove('highlighted');
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});
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// Add highlight to the specified line
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if (lineNum >= 0 && lineNum < codeContent.length) {
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const targetLine = document.querySelector(`.code-line[data-line="${lineNum}"]`);
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if (targetLine) {
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targetLine.classList.add('highlighted');
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// Scroll to make the highlighted line visible
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||
targetLine.scrollIntoView({ behavior: 'smooth', block: 'center' });
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}
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}
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||
}
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// Wait for the "Next Step" button click.
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function waitForNext() {
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||
return new Promise(resolve => {
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const btn = document.getElementById('nextStep');
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btn.disabled = false;
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btn.onclick = () => {
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btn.disabled = true;
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resolve();
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};
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});
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||
}
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||
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||
// Append text to the output.
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||
function appendOutput(text) {
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const out = document.getElementById('output');
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||
out.innerText += text;
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||
}
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// Update the explanation text.
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function updateExplanation(text) {
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document.getElementById('treeExplanation').innerHTML =
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'Post-order traversal output: <span id="output">' +
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document.getElementById('output').innerText + '</span><br>' + text;
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}
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// Tree node class using Konva for visualization.
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class TreeNode {
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constructor(val, x, y) {
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this.val = val;
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this.left = null;
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this.right = null;
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this.x = x;
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||
this.y = y;
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this.shape = new Konva.Rect({
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||
x: x - 20,
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y: y - 20,
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width: 40,
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height: 40,
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fill: 'white',
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||
stroke: '#888',
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||
strokeWidth: 2,
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||
cornerRadius: 4
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||
});
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||
this.label = new Konva.Text({
|
||
x: x - 7,
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||
y: y - 10,
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||
text: String(val),
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||
fontSize: 20,
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||
fontFamily: 'Arial',
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fill: 'black'
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});
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||
this.leftEdge = null;
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||
this.rightEdge = null;
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||
this.threadEdge = null;
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||
this.reversedEdges = [];
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||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Initialize Konva stage and layer.
|
||
const stage = new Konva.Stage({
|
||
container: 'container',
|
||
width: document.querySelector('.tree-container').clientWidth - 30,
|
||
height: document.querySelector('.tree-container').clientHeight - 140
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||
});
|
||
const layer = new Konva.Layer();
|
||
stage.add(layer);
|
||
|
||
// Calculate connection points for arrow drawing.
|
||
function calculateConnectionPoints(fromNode, toNode) {
|
||
const nodeRadius = 20;
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||
const dx = toNode.x - fromNode.x;
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||
const dy = toNode.y - fromNode.y;
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||
const angle = Math.atan2(dy, dx);
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||
return {
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||
fromX: fromNode.x + nodeRadius * Math.cos(angle),
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||
fromY: fromNode.y + nodeRadius * Math.sin(angle),
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||
toX: toNode.x - nodeRadius * Math.cos(angle),
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||
toY: toNode.y - nodeRadius * Math.sin(angle)
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||
};
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Create an arrow between two nodes.
|
||
function createArrow(fromNode, toNode, color = '#888', dashed = false) {
|
||
const points = calculateConnectionPoints(fromNode, toNode);
|
||
const arrow = new Konva.Arrow({
|
||
points: [points.fromX, points.fromY, points.toX, points.toY],
|
||
pointerLength: 10,
|
||
pointerWidth: 8,
|
||
fill: color,
|
||
stroke: color,
|
||
strokeWidth: dashed ? 1 : 2,
|
||
dashEnabled: dashed,
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||
dash: dashed ? [5, 5] : null
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||
});
|
||
layer.add(arrow);
|
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return arrow;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Draw an edge between two nodes.
|
||
function drawEdge(parent, child, isLeft = true) {
|
||
const arrow = createArrow(parent, child);
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||
layer.add(arrow);
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||
if (isLeft) { parent.leftEdge = arrow; }
|
||
else { parent.rightEdge = arrow; }
|
||
arrow.moveToBottom();
|
||
return arrow;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Create and remove thread edges.
|
||
function createThreadEdge(fromNode, toNode) {
|
||
if (fromNode.threadEdge) { fromNode.threadEdge.destroy(); }
|
||
const threadArrow = createArrow(fromNode, toNode, '#ff5722', true);
|
||
fromNode.threadEdge = threadArrow;
|
||
threadArrow.moveToTop();
|
||
layer.draw();
|
||
return threadArrow;
|
||
}
|
||
function removeThreadEdge(node) {
|
||
if (node && node.threadEdge) {
|
||
node.threadEdge.destroy();
|
||
node.threadEdge = null;
|
||
layer.draw();
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Highlight and unhighlight a node.
|
||
function highlightNode(node, color = '#8bc34a') {
|
||
if (node && node.shape) { node.shape.to({ fill: color, duration: 0.25 }); }
|
||
}
|
||
function unhighlightNode(node, color = 'white') {
|
||
if (node && node.shape) { node.shape.to({ fill: color, duration: 0.25 }); }
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Calculate tree layout.
|
||
const stageWidth = stage.width();
|
||
const stageHeight = stage.height();
|
||
const centerX = stageWidth / 2;
|
||
const topY = 40;
|
||
const levelHeight = stageHeight / 4;
|
||
|
||
// Build the 9-node binary tree.
|
||
const node1 = new TreeNode(1, centerX, topY);
|
||
const node2 = new TreeNode(2, centerX - stageWidth/4, topY + levelHeight);
|
||
const node3 = new TreeNode(3, centerX + stageWidth/4, topY + levelHeight);
|
||
const node4 = new TreeNode(4, centerX - stageWidth/3, topY + 2*levelHeight);
|
||
const node5 = new TreeNode(5, centerX - stageWidth/6, topY + 2*levelHeight);
|
||
const node6 = new TreeNode(6, centerX - stageWidth/4, topY + 3*levelHeight);
|
||
const node7 = new TreeNode(7, centerX - stageWidth/12, topY + 3*levelHeight);
|
||
const node8 = new TreeNode(8, centerX + stageWidth/3, topY + 2*levelHeight);
|
||
const node9 = new TreeNode(9, centerX + stageWidth/4, topY + 3*levelHeight);
|
||
|
||
node1.left = node2;
|
||
node1.right = node3;
|
||
node2.left = node4;
|
||
node2.right = node5;
|
||
node5.left = node6;
|
||
node5.right = node7;
|
||
node3.right = node8;
|
||
node8.left = node9;
|
||
|
||
const nodes = [node1, node2, node3, node4, node5, node6, node7, node8, node9];
|
||
nodes.forEach(n => {
|
||
layer.add(n.shape);
|
||
layer.add(n.label);
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
drawEdge(node1, node2, true);
|
||
drawEdge(node1, node3, false);
|
||
drawEdge(node2, node4, true);
|
||
drawEdge(node2, node5, false);
|
||
drawEdge(node5, node6, true);
|
||
drawEdge(node5, node7, false);
|
||
drawEdge(node3, node8, false);
|
||
drawEdge(node8, node9, true);
|
||
|
||
nodes.forEach(n => {
|
||
n.shape.moveToTop();
|
||
n.label.moveToTop();
|
||
});
|
||
layer.draw();
|
||
|
||
// Visualize the reversal process.
|
||
async function visualizeReversal(head) {
|
||
const connections = [];
|
||
let current = head;
|
||
while (current !== null && current.right !== null) {
|
||
connections.push({ from: current, to: current.right });
|
||
current = current.right;
|
||
}
|
||
for (const conn of connections) {
|
||
if (conn.from.rightEdge) {
|
||
conn.from.rightEdge.destroy();
|
||
conn.from.rightEdge = null;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
let prev = null;
|
||
current = head;
|
||
while (current !== null) {
|
||
const next = current.right;
|
||
if (prev !== null) {
|
||
const reversedEdge = createArrow(current, prev, '#e91e63');
|
||
current.reversedEdges.push(reversedEdge);
|
||
reversedEdge.moveToTop();
|
||
}
|
||
prev = current;
|
||
current = next;
|
||
layer.draw();
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
}
|
||
return prev;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Restore the original tree structure.
|
||
async function visualizeRestore(head) {
|
||
nodes.forEach(node => {
|
||
if (node.reversedEdges) {
|
||
node.reversedEdges.forEach(edge => edge.destroy());
|
||
node.reversedEdges = [];
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
let current = head;
|
||
while (current !== null && current.right !== null) {
|
||
if (!current.rightEdge) {
|
||
current.rightEdge = createArrow(current, current.right, '#888');
|
||
current.rightEdge.moveToBottom();
|
||
}
|
||
current = current.right;
|
||
}
|
||
nodes.forEach(n => {
|
||
n.shape.moveToTop();
|
||
n.label.moveToTop();
|
||
});
|
||
layer.draw();
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Reverse a chain of right pointers.
|
||
async function reverseChain(head) {
|
||
updateExplanation("Visualizing the reversal of pointers");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
const reversedHead = await visualizeReversal(head);
|
||
let prev = null, curr = head, next;
|
||
while (curr !== null) {
|
||
next = curr.right;
|
||
curr.right = prev;
|
||
prev = curr;
|
||
curr = next;
|
||
}
|
||
return prev;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Restore the chain.
|
||
async function restoreChain(head) {
|
||
updateExplanation("Visualizing the restoration of original pointers");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
await visualizeRestore(head);
|
||
let prev = null, curr = head, next;
|
||
while (curr !== null) {
|
||
next = curr.right;
|
||
curr.right = prev;
|
||
prev = curr;
|
||
curr = next;
|
||
}
|
||
return prev;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Reverse traverse the right edge of a subtree.
|
||
async function reverseTraverseRightEdge(head) {
|
||
if (!head) return;
|
||
highlightLine(-1); // Clear code highlighting during reverse traversal
|
||
updateExplanation("Executing reverseTraverseRightEdge on node " + head.val);
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
let tail = await reverseChain(head);
|
||
layer.draw();
|
||
updateExplanation("Visiting nodes along the reversed right edge");
|
||
let cur = tail;
|
||
while (cur !== null) {
|
||
highlightNode(cur, '#4caf50');
|
||
layer.draw();
|
||
appendOutput(cur.val + " ");
|
||
updateExplanation("Visited node: " + cur.val);
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
unhighlightNode(cur, 'white');
|
||
layer.draw();
|
||
cur = cur.right;
|
||
}
|
||
updateExplanation("Restoring the original right edge");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
await restoreChain(tail);
|
||
layer.draw();
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Morris Post‑Order Traversal Animation.
|
||
async function postorderTraversal(root) {
|
||
// Highlight the initialization steps
|
||
highlightLine(0);
|
||
updateExplanation("Starting the Morris Post-Order Traversal");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
|
||
highlightLine(1);
|
||
updateExplanation("Initializing current = root (node 1)");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
|
||
highlightLine(2);
|
||
updateExplanation("Declaring rightmost pointer");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
|
||
let current = root;
|
||
|
||
while (current !== null) {
|
||
highlightLine(3);
|
||
updateExplanation("Checking if current is null");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
|
||
highlightNode(current, '#ffeb3b');
|
||
layer.draw();
|
||
|
||
highlightLine(4);
|
||
updateExplanation("Checking if current node " + current.val + " has a left child");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
|
||
if (current.left !== null) {
|
||
highlightLine(5);
|
||
updateExplanation("Current: " + current.val + " has left child, initializing rightmost = current.left (node " + current.left.val + ")");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
|
||
let rightmost = current.left;
|
||
highlightNode(rightmost, '#2196f3');
|
||
layer.draw();
|
||
|
||
highlightLine(6);
|
||
updateExplanation("Finding the rightmost node in left subtree that doesn't have a thread");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
|
||
while (rightmost.right !== null && rightmost.right !== current) {
|
||
highlightLine(7);
|
||
updateExplanation("Moving rightmost from " + rightmost.val + " to its right child");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
|
||
unhighlightNode(rightmost, 'white');
|
||
rightmost = rightmost.right;
|
||
highlightNode(rightmost, '#2196f3');
|
||
layer.draw();
|
||
|
||
highlightLine(6);
|
||
updateExplanation("Checking if we've reached the rightmost node or a thread");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
highlightLine(9);
|
||
updateExplanation("Checking if rightmost (" + rightmost.val + ") has no thread");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
|
||
if (rightmost.right === null) {
|
||
highlightLine(10);
|
||
updateExplanation("Creating thread from rightmost (" + rightmost.val + ") to current (" + current.val + ")");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
|
||
createThreadEdge(rightmost, current);
|
||
rightmost.right = current;
|
||
highlightNode(rightmost, '#03a9f4');
|
||
layer.draw();
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
|
||
highlightLine(11);
|
||
updateExplanation("Moving current to its left child (" + current.left.val + ")");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
|
||
unhighlightNode(rightmost, 'white');
|
||
unhighlightNode(current, 'white');
|
||
current = current.left;
|
||
} else {
|
||
highlightLine(13);
|
||
updateExplanation("Thread detected from rightmost (" + rightmost.val + ") to current (" + current.val + ") - removing thread");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
|
||
removeThreadEdge(rightmost);
|
||
rightmost.right = null;
|
||
unhighlightNode(rightmost, 'white');
|
||
layer.draw();
|
||
|
||
highlightLine(14);
|
||
updateExplanation("Processing left subtree of current (" + current.val + ")");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
|
||
await reverseTraverseRightEdge(current.left);
|
||
|
||
highlightLine(15);
|
||
updateExplanation("Moving current to its right child");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
|
||
unhighlightNode(current, 'white');
|
||
current = current.right;
|
||
}
|
||
} else {
|
||
highlightLine(17);
|
||
updateExplanation("Current: " + current.val + " has no left child");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
|
||
highlightLine(18);
|
||
updateExplanation("Moving current to its right child");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
|
||
unhighlightNode(current, 'white');
|
||
current = current.right;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
highlightLine(3);
|
||
updateExplanation("Checking if current is null");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
highlightLine(21);
|
||
updateExplanation("Processing the final right edge starting from root");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
|
||
await reverseTraverseRightEdge(root);
|
||
|
||
highlightLine(22);
|
||
updateExplanation("Morris Post-Order Traversal complete");
|
||
await waitForNext();
|
||
|
||
highlightLine(-1); // Clear highlighting
|
||
updateExplanation("Final post-order traversal result: " + document.getElementById('output').innerText);
|
||
nodes.forEach(n => {
|
||
n.shape.moveToTop();
|
||
n.label.moveToTop();
|
||
});
|
||
layer.draw();
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
window.addEventListener('resize', function() {
|
||
stage.width(document.querySelector('.tree-container').clientWidth - 30);
|
||
stage.height(document.querySelector('.tree-container').clientHeight - 140);
|
||
layer.draw();
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
window.onload = function() {
|
||
initCodeDisplay();
|
||
document.getElementById('nextStep').disabled = false;
|
||
postorderTraversal(node1);
|
||
};
|
||
</script>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html> |