renaming

lectures/optimization/push_back/README.md

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-# `emplace_back` vs. `push_back` in C++
-
-## Overview
-
-Both `push_back` and `emplace_back` are member functions of C++ standard library containers (e.g., `std::vector`, `std::deque`) used to add elements to the end of the container. However, they differ in how they construct and insert these elements.
-
-## `push_back`
-
-The `push_back` function adds an existing object to the end of the container. It requires the object to be constructed before being passed to the function.
-
-**Usage:**
-
-```cpp
-std::vector<MyClass> vec;
-MyClass obj(args);
-vec.push_back(obj); // Adds a copy of 'obj' to the vector
-```
-
-If the object is movable, push_back can utilize move semantics:
-
-```cpp
-vec.push_back(std::move(obj)); // Moves 'obj' into the vector
-```
-
-## `emplace_back`
-
-The emplace_back function constructs a new element in place at the end of the container. It forwards the provided arguments to the constructor of the element, eliminating the need for a temporary object.
-
-**Usage:**
-
-```cpp
-std::vector<MyClass> vec;
-vec.emplace_back(args); // Constructs 'MyClass' directly in the vector
-```
-
-This approach can improve performance by avoiding unnecessary copy or move operations, especially for complex objects.
-
-## Key Differences
-
-- **Object Construction:**
-  - `push_back`: Requires a fully constructed object.
-  - `emplace_back`: Constructs the object in place using provided arguments.
-
-- **Performance:**
-  - `push_back`: May involve copy or move operations, depending on whether the object is passed by value or moved.
-  - `emplace_back`: Potentially more efficient for complex objects, as it avoids extra copy or move operations.
-
-## When to Use
-
-- **Use `push_back`** when you have an existing object that you want to add to the container.
-
-- **Use `emplace_back`** when you want to construct a new object directly in the container, especially if the object's construction is complex or resource-intensive.
-
-## Example
-
-```cpp
-#include <vector>
-#include <string>
-
-class MyClass {
-public:
-    MyClass(int id, const std::string& name) : id_(id), name_(name) {}
-private:
-    int id_;
-    std::string name_;
-};
-
-int main() {
-    std::vector<MyClass> vec;
-
-    // Using push_back
-    MyClass obj(1, "Object1");
-    vec.push_back(obj); // Adds a copy of 'obj'
-
-    // Using emplace_back
-    vec.emplace_back(2, "Object2"); // Constructs 'MyClass(2, "Object2")' in place
-
-    return 0;
-}
-```
-
-In this example, emplace_back constructs the MyClass object directly within the vector, potentially reducing overhead compared to push_back, which adds a copy of an existing object.
-
-For a visual explanation and further insights, consider watching the following video: [![C++ From Scratch: push_back vs. emplace_back](https://img.youtube.com/vi/BbPWrkgj1I4/0.jpg)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BbPWrkgj1I4)
-